How Much Power Should Govment Have in the Art of War
 | |
| Author | (trad.) Sun Tzu |
|---|---|
| State | Cathay |
| Language | Classical Chinese |
| Subject | Military art |
| Publication appointment | 5th century BC |
| Text | The Art of State of war at Wikisource |
| The Art of War | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 孫子兵法 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 孙子兵法 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "Master Sun's Armed services Methods" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Art of State of war (Chinese: 孫子兵法) is an ancient Chinese military treatise dating from the Late Spring and Autumn Period (roughly 5th century BC). The work, which is attributed to the ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu ("Primary Sun"), is equanimous of 13 chapters. Each i is devoted to a different set of skills (or "fine art") related to warfare and how it applies to military strategy and tactics. For almost i,500 years it was the lead text in an anthology that was formalized as the Seven Military Classics by Emperor Shenzong of Song in 1080. The Art of War remains the most influential strategy text in East Asian warfare[ane] and has influenced both Far Eastern and Western military thinking, business tactics, legal strategy, lifestyles and beyond.
The volume contains a detailed explanation and analysis of the 5th-century BC Chinese military, from weapons and strategy to rank and discipline. Sun also stressed the importance of intelligence operatives and espionage to the war effort. Considered one of history'due south finest military tacticians and analysts, his teachings and strategies formed the basis of advanced military machine grooming for millennia to come.
The book was translated into French and published in 1772 (re-published in 1782) past the French Jesuit Jean Joseph Marie Amiot. A partial translation into English was attempted by British officer Everard Ferguson Calthrop in 1905 under the title The Book of War. The first annotated English language translation was completed and published past Lionel Giles in 1910.[ii] Military and political leaders such equally the Chinese communist revolutionary Mao Zedong, Japanese daimyō Takeda Shingen, Vietnamese general Võ Nguyên Giáp, and American armed forces general Norman Schwarzkopf Jr. are all cited equally having drawn inspiration from the volume.[ citation needed ]
History [edit]
Text and commentaries [edit]
The Fine art of State of war is traditionally attributed to an ancient Chinese military full general known every bit Lord's day Tzu (at present Romanized "Sunzi") meaning "Master Sun". Dominicus Tzu was traditionally said to have lived in the sixth century BC, simply The Art of War 'south primeval parts probably appointment to at least 100 years later.[iii]
Sima Qian's Records of the 1000 Historian, the first of Cathay's 24 dynastic histories, records an early Chinese tradition that a text on armed services matters was written past ane "Sun Wu" ( 孫武 ) from the Country of Qi, and that this text had been read and studied past King Helü of Wu ( r. 514 BC – 495 BC).[4] This text was traditionally identified with the received Master Sun's Art of War. The conventional view was that Dominicus Wu was a armed services theorist from the end of the Spring and Fall period (776–471 BC) who fled his home state of Qi to the southeastern kingdom of Wu, where he is said to have impressed the male monarch with his power to train even "dainty palace ladies" in warfare and to have fabricated Wu's armies powerful enough to claiming their western rivals in the state of Chu. This view is nevertheless widely held in China.[5]
The strategist, poet, and warlord Cao Cao in the early 3rd century Advertising authored the primeval known commentary to the Art of State of war.[4] Cao'due south preface makes clear that he edited the text and removed sure passages, but the extent of his changes were unclear historically.[4] The Art of War appears throughout the bibliographical catalogs of the Chinese dynastic histories, just listings of its divisions and size varied widely.[4]
[edit]
Offset around the twelfth century, some Chinese scholars began to doubt the historical existence of Sun Tzu, primarily on the grounds that he is not mentioned in the historical classic The Commentary of Zuo (Zuo Zhuan), which mentions most of the notable figures from the Leap and Fall period.[four] The name "Sun Wu" ( 孫武 ) does non appear in any text prior to the Records of the Grand Historian,[6] and has been suspected to be a made-up descriptive cognomen pregnant "the fugitive warrior": the surname "Sun" is glossed as the related term "fugitive" ( xùn , 遜 ), while "Wu" is the ancient Chinese virtue of "martial, valiant" ( wǔ , 武 ), which corresponds to Sunzi's role equally the hero's doppelgänger in the story of Wu Zixu.[vii] In the early 20th century, the Chinese writer and reformer Liang Qichao theorized that the text was actually written in the quaternary century BC past Sun Tzu'due south purported descendant Sun Bin, as a number of historical sources mention a armed forces treatise he wrote.[iv] Different Sun Wu, Sunday Bin appears to have been an actual person who was a genuine say-so on armed services matters, and may have been the inspiration for the creation of the historical figure "Sun Tzu" through a grade of euhemerism.[vii]
In 1972, the Yinqueshan Han slips were discovered in two Han dynasty (206 BC – 220 Advert) tombs almost the city of Linyi in Shandong Province.[8] Amid the many bamboo slip writings independent in the tombs, which had been sealed between 134 and 118 BC, respectively were 2 separate texts, one attributed to "Sunday Tzu", corresponding to the received text, and another attributed to Sunday Bin, which explains and expands upon the before The Art of War by Sunzi.[9] The Sun Bin text's material overlaps with much of the "Lord's day Tzu" text, and the 2 may be "a single, continuously developing intellectual tradition united nether the Sun name".[10] This discovery showed that much of the historical confusion was due to the fact that there were two texts that could accept been referred to every bit "Chief Sun'due south Art of War", not one.[nine] The content of the earlier text is about i-3rd of the capacity of the modern The Art of State of war, and their text matches very closely.[viii] It is now generally accepted that the earlier The Art of War was completed sometime between 500 and 430 BC.[9]
The thirteen chapters [edit]
The Art of War is divided into 13 capacity (or piān ); the drove is referred to as beingness one zhuàn ("whole" or alternatively "relate").
| Affiliate | Lionel Giles (1910)[xi] | R. 50. Wing (1988) | Ralph D. Sawyer (1996) | Chow-Hou Wee (2003) | Michael Nylan (2020) | Contents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | Laying Plans | The Calculations | Initial Estimations |
| First Calculations | Explores the five cardinal factors (the Way, seasons, terrain, leadership, and direction) and seven elements that determine the outcomes of military engagements. Past thinking, assessing and comparison these points, a commander tin can calculate his chances of victory. Habitual deviation from these calculations volition ensure failure via improper action. The text stresses that war is a very grave matter for the state and must non be commenced without due consideration. |
| Ii | Waging State of war | The Challenge | Waging War |
| Initiating Battle | Explains how to empathize the economy of warfare and how success requires winning decisive engagements quickly. This section advises that successful military campaigns crave limiting the cost of competition and conflict. |
| 3 | Attack by Stratagem | The Plan of Attack | Planning Offensives |
| Planning an Attack | Defines the source of strength as unity, not size, and discusses the five factors that are needed to succeed in any state of war. In lodge of importance, these critical factors are: Set on, Strategy, Alliances, Ground forces and Cities. |
| 4 | Tactical Dispositions | Positioning | War machine Disposition |
| Forms to Perceive | Explains the importance of defending existing positions until a commander is capable of advancing from those positions in safety. It teaches commanders the importance of recognizing strategic opportunities, and teaches non to create opportunities for the enemy. |
| V | Use of Energy | Directing | Strategic Military Power |
| The Disposition of Power | Explains the use of creativity and timing in edifice an army'south momentum. |
| Half dozen | Weak Points and Strong | Illusion and Reality | Vacuity and Substance |
| Weak and Stiff | Explains how an ground forces's opportunities come from the openings in the surroundings caused past the relative weakness of the enemy and how to respond to changes in the fluid battlefield over a given area. |
| VII | Maneuvering an Army | Engaging The Force | Military Gainsay |
| Contending Armies | Explains the dangers of direct conflict and how to win those confrontations when they are forced upon the commander. |
| Eight | Variation of Tactics | The Nine Variations | Nine Changes |
| Nine Contingencies | Focuses on the need for flexibility in an army's responses. It explains how to respond to shifting circumstances successfully. |
| 9 | The Army on the March | Moving The Force | Maneuvering the Ground forces |
| Fielding the Ground forces | Describes the different situations in which an ground forces finds itself equally it moves through new enemy territories, and how to respond to these situations. Much of this section focuses on evaluating the intentions of others. |
| X | Nomenclature of Terrain | Situational Positioning | Configurations of Terrain |
| Conformations of the Lands | Looks at the three general areas of resistance (distance, dangers and barriers) and the six types of ground positions that arise from them. Each of these vi field positions offers certain advantages and disadvantages. |
| XI | The Nine Situations | The Ix Situations | 9 Terrains |
| Nine Kinds of Ground | Describes the 9 common situations (or stages) in a campaign, from scattering to deadly, and the specific focus that a commander will need in order to successfully navigate them. |
| XII | Attack by Burn | The Fiery Set on | Incendiary Attacks |
| Attacks with Fire | Explains the general utilise of weapons and the specific utilize of the surround as a weapon. This section examines the v targets for attack, the five types of environmental attack and the appropriate responses to such attacks. |
| XIII | Use of Spies | The Use of Intelligence | Employing Spies |
| Using Spies | Focuses on the importance of developing practiced information sources, and specifies the v types of intelligence sources and how to best manage each of them. |
Cultural influence [edit]
War machine and intelligence applications [edit]
Across Due east Asia, The Art of State of war was office of the syllabus for potential candidates of military service examinations.
During the Sengoku period (c. 1467–1568), the Japanese daimyō Takeda Shingen (1521–1573) is said to have become virtually invincible in all battles without relying on guns, because he studied The Art of State of war.[12] The book even gave him the inspiration for his famous battle standard "Fūrinkazan" (Wind, Forest, Fire and Mountain), pregnant fast as the air current, silent every bit a wood, ferocious as fire and immovable as a mountain.
The translator Samuel B. Griffith offers a chapter on "Lord's day Tzu and Mao Tse-Tung" where The Fine art of War is cited as influencing Mao's On Guerrilla Warfare, On the Protracted State of war and Strategic Problems of Prc's Revolutionary War, and includes Mao'southward quote: "We must not scoff the maxim in the book of Sun Wu Tzu, the great military skillful of ancient Cathay, 'Know your enemy and know yourself and you tin fight a thousand battles without disaster.'"[12]
During the Vietnam War, some Vietcong officers extensively studied The Art of War and reportedly could recite entire passages from retention. Full general Võ Nguyên Giáp successfully implemented tactics described in The Art of War during the Boxing of Dien Bien Phu ending major French interest in Indochina and leading to the accords which partitioned Vietnam into North and South. General Võ, later the principal PVA military commander in the Vietnam State of war, was an gorging educatee and practitioner of Sun Tzu's ideas.[13] America'south defeat there, more than any other event, brought Sunday Tzu to the attention of leaders of U.Due south. military theory.[thirteen] [14] [15]
The Department of the Army in the United States, through its Command and General Staff College, lists The Art of War every bit i case of a book that may be kept at a military machine unit's library.[16]
The Art of State of war is listed on the Marine Corps Professional Reading Program (formerly known as the Commandant'southward Reading List). It is recommended reading for all United states Military Intelligence personnel.[17]
The Art of War is used as instructional material at the The states Military University at West Point, in the course Military machine Strategy (470),[eighteen] and it is also recommended reading for Officer cadets at the Royal War machine Academy, Sandhurst. Some notable military leaders have stated the post-obit about Dominicus Tzu and The Fine art of War:
"I e'er kept a copy of The Art of War on my desk-bound."[xix] – General Douglas MacArthur, 5 Star General & Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.
"I have read The Art of War by Sun Tzu. He continues to influence both soldiers & politicians."[twenty] – General Colin Powell, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, National Security Advisor, and Secretary of Country.
According to some authors, the strategy of deception from The Art of War was studied and widely used by the KGB: "I volition force the enemy to take our strength for weakness, and our weakness for forcefulness, and thus volition turn his strength into weakness".[21] The volume is widely cited by KGB officers in charge of disinformation operations in Vladimir Volkoff's novel Le Montage.
Finnish Field Align Mannerheim and general Aksel Airo were avid readers of Art of War; Airo kept the book on his bedside table in his quarters.[ commendation needed ]
Awarding outside the armed services [edit]
The Art of War has been applied to many fields outside of the military. Much of the text is about how to outsmart 1's opponent without actually having to appoint in physical battle. As such, it has plant application as a preparation guide for many competitive endeavors that practise non involve actual combat.
The Fine art of War is mentioned every bit an influence in the earliest known Chinese collection of stories about fraud (by and large in the realm of commerce), Zhang Yingyu's The Book of Swindles ( Du pian xin shu , 杜騙新書 , c. 1617), which dates to the late Ming dynasty.[22]
Many business books have practical the lessons taken from the volume to part politics and corporate business organization strategy.[23] [24] [25] Many Japanese companies make the book required reading for their key executives.[26] The book is also popular amid Western business circles citing its utilitarian values regarding management practices. Many entrepreneurs and corporate executives accept turned to it for inspiration and advice on how to succeed in competitive business situations. The book has as well been applied to the field of teaching.[27]
The Art of War has been the discipline of legal books[28] and legal articles on the trial process, including negotiation tactics and trial strategy.[29] [thirty] [31] [32]
The volume The 48 Laws of Power past Robert Greene employs philosophies covered in The Art of War.[33]
The Art of War has also been applied in sports. National Football League coach Bill Belichick, tape holder of the virtually Super Basin wins in history, has stated on multiple occasions his admiration for The Art of War.[34] [35] Brazilian association football coach Luiz Felipe Scolari actively used The Art of War for Brazil'due south successful 2002 World Cup campaign. During the tournament Scolari put passages of The Art of War underneath his players' doors in the night.[36] [37]
The Art of State of war is often quoted while developing tactics and/or strategy in esports. "Play To Win" past David Sirlin analyses applications of the ideas from The Art of War in mod esports. The Art of War was released in 2014 as an e-book companion alongside the Fine art of War DLC for Europa Universalis Four, a PC strategy game by Paradox Development Studios, with a foreword past Thomas Johansson.
Film and television [edit]
The Art of State of war and Sunday Tzu have been referenced and quoted in many movies and television shows, including In the 1987 movie Wall Street, Gordon Gekko (Michael Douglas) frequently references it [38] The 20th James Bond film, Die Another Day (2002) besides references The Art of War equally the spiritual guide shared by Colonel Moon and his father.[39] and in The Sopranos. In flavour iii, episode eight ("He Is Risen"), Dr. Melfi suggests to Tony Soprano that he read the book.[40] and the Star Expedition: The Next Generation commencement-flavour episode "The Final Outpost", William Riker quotes The Art of War to Captain Picard, who expressed pleasance that Sun Tzu was still taught at Starfleet Academy. Subsequently in the episode, a survivor from a long-expressionless nonhuman empire noted mutual aspects between his own people's wisdom and The Fine art of War with regard to knowing when and when non to fight.[ citation needed ]
The Art of War is a 2000 action spy film directed past Christian Duguay and starring Wesley Snipes, Michael Biehn, Anne Archer and Donald Sutherland.[41]
Notable translations [edit]
- Sun Tzu on the Fine art of War. Translated past Lionel Giles. London: Luzac and Visitor. 1910.
- The Fine art of War. Translated past Samuel B. Griffith. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1963. ISBN978-0-xix-501476-1. Role of the UNESCO Collection of Representative Works.
- Sunday Tzu, The Art of War. Translated by Thomas Cleary. Boston: Shambhala Dragon Editions. 1988. ISBN978-0877734529.
- The Art of Warfare. Translated by Roger Ames. Random House. 1993. ISBN978-0-345-36239-1. .
- The Art of War. Translated by John Minford. New York: Viking. 2002. ISBN978-0-670-03156-6.
- The Art of War: Sunzi's Military Methods. Translated by Victor H. Mair. New York: Columbia University Press. 2007. ISBN978-0-231-13382-i.
- The Art of War. Translated by Peter Harris. Everyman's Library. 2018. ISBN978-1101908006.
- The Science of War: Sun Tzu's Art of War re-translated and re-considered. Translated by Christopher MacDonald. Hong Kong: Earnshaw Books. 2018. ISBN978-988-8422-69-2.
- The Art of War. Translated past Michael Nylan. W.Due west. Norton & Company, Inc. 2020. ISBN9781324004899.
Come across also [edit]
Concepts [edit]
- Military treatise
- Philosophy of war
Books [edit]
- Achtung – Panzer! by Heinz Guderian
- Arthashastra
- Bansenshukai
- Commentarii de Bello Gallico (Commentaries on the Gallic State of war) by Julius Caesar
- Dream Pool Essays by Shen Kuo
- Epitoma rei militaris past Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus
- Guerrilla Warfare past Che Guevara
- Hagakure by Yamamoto Tsunetomo
- History of the Peloponnesian State of war by Thucydides
- Huolongjing by Liu Bowen
- Infanterie Greift An by Erwin Rommel
- On Protracted State of war by Mao Zedong
- On War past Carl von Clausewitz
- Records of the K Historian
- Seven Armed forces Classics
- Seven Pillars of Wisdom by T. Eastward. Lawrence
- The 33 Strategies of War
- The Art of War by Niccolò Machiavelli
- The Book of Five Rings (Miyamoto Musashi)
- The Influence of Sea Power upon History by Alfred Thayer Mahan
- The Jewish State of war by Josephus
- The Science of Military Strategy
- The Utility of Forcefulness past Rupert Smith
- Thirty-Six Stratagems
References [edit]
Citations [edit]
- ^ Smith (1999), p. 216.
- ^ Giles, Lionel The Art of War by Sun Tzu – Special Edition. Special Edition Books. 2007. p. 62.
- ^ Lewis (1999), p. 604.
- ^ a b c d e f Gawlikowski & Loewe (1993), p. 447.
- ^ Mair (2007), pp. 12–13.
- ^ Mair (2007), p. ix.
- ^ a b Mair (2007), p. 10.
- ^ a b Gawlikowski & Loewe (1993), p. 448.
- ^ a b c Gawlikowski & Loewe (1993), p. 449.
- ^ Mark Edward Lewis (2005), quoted in Mair (2007), p. 18.
- ^ Sunzi (2009). Shawn Conners (ed.). Sun-tzu ping fa [The art of war]. Translated by Lionel Giles (Classic ed.). El Paso, TX: El Paso Norte Press. ISBN978-1-934255-15-v. OCLC 433665014.
- ^ a b Griffith, Samuel B. The Illustrated Fine art of War. 2005. Oxford University Press. pp. 17, 141–43.
- ^ a b McCready, Douglas. Learning from Dominicus Tzu, Military machine Review, May–June 2003."Learning from Sun Tzu". Archived from the original on 2011-10-11. Retrieved 2009-12-19 .
- ^ Interview with Dr. William Duiker, Conversation with Sonshi
- ^ Forbes, Andrew ; Henley, David (2012). The Illustrated Art of War: Dominicus Tzu. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books. ASIN B00B91XX8U
- ^ Army, U. Southward. (1985). Military History and Professional Development. U. South. Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: Combat Studies Plant. 85-CSI-21 85.
- ^ "Messages".
- ^ "Department of Military Instruction Job Opportunities | The states Military Academy Westward Point". westpoint.edu . Retrieved 2020-06-05 .
- ^ United States Military Posture for FY1989 (Washington, DC: U.S. Regime Press Office, 1989), 5–6, 93–94.
- ^ "Chinese Armed forces Strategist Sun Tzu Reveals Secrets to Success | Leaderonomics".
- ^ Yevgenia Albats and Catherine A. Fitzpatrick. The State Within a Country: The KGB and Its Hold on Russia – Past, Nowadays, and Future. 1994. ISBN 0-374-52738-5, affiliate Who was behind perestroika?
- ^ "Search Results | book of swindles | Columbia University Press". Columbia University Press.
- ^ Michaelson, Gerald. "Sun Tzu: The Art of State of war for Managers; l Strategic Rules." Avon, MA: Adams Media, 2001
- ^ McNeilly, Mark. "Dominicus Tzu and the Art of Business : Six Strategic Principles for Managers. New York:Oxford University Printing, 1996.
- ^ Krause, Donald G. "The Fine art of War for Executives: Ancient Noesis for Today's Business Professional." New York: Berkley Publishing Group, 1995.
- ^ Kammerer, Peter. "The Art of Negotiation." South China Morning Mail service (Apr 21, 2006) p. 15
- ^ Jeffrey, D (2010). "A Teacher Diary Study to Apply Ancient Art of State of war Strategies to Professional Evolution". The International Journal of Learning. vii (3): 21–36.
- ^ Barnhizer, David. The Warrior Lawyer: Powerful Strategies for Winning Legal Battles Irvington-on-Hudson, NY: Bridge Street Books, 1997.
- ^ Balch, Christopher D., "The Fine art of War and the Art of Trial Advocacy: Is There Mutual Footing?" (1991), 42 Mercer L. Rev. 861–73
- ^ Beirne, Martin D. and Scott D. Marrs, The Art of War and Public Relations: Strategies for Successful Litigation
- ^ Pribetic, Antonin I., "The Trial Warrior: Applying Sun Tzu'south The Art of War to Trial Advocacy" Apr 21, 2007
- ^ Solomon, Samuel H., "The Art of War: Pursuing Electronic Evidence as Your Corporate Opportunity"
- ^ "The 48 Laws of Power by Robert Greene". Penguin Random House Canada . Retrieved 2020-ten-27 .
- ^ Lauletta, Tyler. "Bill Belichick explains how communication from Sun Tzu's 'The Fine art of State of war' helped build the Patriots dynasty". Business concern Insider . Retrieved 2020-06-05 .
- ^ "Put crafty Belichick'due south patriot games down to the fine art of war". The Sydney Forenoon Herald. 2005-02-04. Retrieved 2020-06-05 .
- ^ July 2011, Celso de Campos Jr 01 (July 2011). "Luiz Felipe Scolari: One-on-One". fourfourtwo.com . Retrieved 2020-06-05 .
- ^ Winter, Henry (June 29, 2006). "Mind games reach new high as Scolari studies art of state of war". Irish Independent.
- ^ "Bud Pull a fast one on: Lord's day-tzu: If your enemy is superior, evade him. If angry, irritate him. If every bit matched, fight, and if not split and reevaluate". world wide web.quotes.internet . Retrieved 2020-06-05 .
- ^ Die Another Day (2002) - IMDb , retrieved 2020-06-05
- ^ Globe, Boston. "Hey, if Tony'due south reading it, information technology's got to be good". baltimoresun.com . Retrieved 2020-06-05 .
- ^ "The Art of War (2000) - IMDb". IMDb.
Sources [edit]
- Gawlikowski, Krzysztof; Loewe, Michael (1993). "Sun tzu ping fa 孫子兵法". In Loewe, Michael (ed.). Early on Chinese Texts: A Bibliographical Guide. Berkeley, CA: Lodge for the Study of Early China; Plant of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley. pp. 446–55. ISBN978-1-55729-043-4.
- Graff, David A. (2002). Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300-900. Warfare and History. London: Routledge. ISBN978-0415239554.
- Griffith, Samuel (2005). Sun Tzu: The Illustrated Art of War. New York: Oxford Academy Press. ISBN978-0195189995.
- Lewis, Mark Edward (1999). "Warring States Political History". In Loewe, Michael; Shaughnessy, Edward (eds.). The Cambridge History of Ancient China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 587–650. ISBN978-0-521-47030-8.
- Mair, Victor H. (2007). The Art of State of war: Dominicus Zi's Military Methods. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN978-0-231-13382-i.
- Smith, Kidder (1999). "The Military Texts: The Sunzi". In de Bary, Wm. Theodore (ed.). Sources of Chinese Tradition: From Primeval Times to 1600, Book 1 (2nd ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 213–24. ISBN978-0-231-10938-3.
- Yuen, Derek Grand. C. (2014). Deciphering Sunday Tzu: How to Read 'The Art of State of war' . Oxford Academy Press. ISBN978-0199373512.
- Вєдєнєєв, Д. В.; Гавриленко, О. А.; Кубіцький, С. О. (2017). Остроухова, В. В. (ed.). Еволюція воєнного мистецтва: у ii ч.
External links [edit]
- The Art of War at Standard Ebooks
- The Fine art of War Chinese-English language bilingual edition, Chinese Text Project
- The Art of State of war at Projection Gutenberg translated by Lionel Giles (1910)
- The Art of War at Project Gutenberg translated (with Chinese text) by Lionel Giles (1910)
- The Book of War at Project Gutenberg translated past E.F. Calthrop (1908)
-
The Art of War public domain audiobook at LibriVox (English and Chinese original bachelor) - Dominicus Tzu's Art of War at Sonshi (annal.today) Alternative link
- Dominicus Tzu and Data Warfare at the Institute for National Strategic Studies of National Defence Academy
- 11 The Nine Situations | The Art of War by Sun Tzu (Animated)
- The Art of War illustrated version, on Theoriq.com
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Art_of_War
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